GOALEM from Prague
نویسندگان
چکیده
Our p u r p o s e i s t o i n f o r m o f t h e p r e s e n t r e s u l t s a c h i e v e d a t C z e c h T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y , D e p a r t m e n t o f C o n t r o l i n t h e f i e l d o f r o b o t i c s . GOALEM ( G O A L o r i e n t e d E l e c t r i o a l M a n i p u l a t o r ) i s a c o m p u t e r c o n t r o l l e d e l e c t r o m e c h a n i c a l a r m w i t h 6 d e g r e e s o f f r e e d o m a n d a n a u t o n o m o u s v i s i o n s y s t e m . D e s i g n o f t h e a rm m e c h a n i c s s u p p o s e s t h e a p p r o x i m a t e l o a d o f 0 . 5 k g . I t s g e o m e t r i c p a r a m e t e r s a r e s i m i l a r t o t h o s e o f a human a r m . D .C . m o t o r s a r e u s e d t o a c t u a t e e a c h j o i n t . K i n e m a t i c s t r u c t u r e a n d m e c h a n i c a l a r r a n g e ment o f t h e a r m i s shown a t t h e p i c t u r e a t t a c h e d b e l o w . A c l o s e d l o o p m o t i o n c o n t r o l l e r g e t s i n f o r m a t i o n o n c u r r e n t s t a t e o f j o i n t s t r o u g h a n a l o g p o s i t i o n a n d v e l o c i t y s e n s o r s . The l o w e s t l e v e l m o t i o n c o n t r o l l o o p i s p a r t l y c l o s e d t h r o u g h t h e c o m p u t e r a n d a n a l o g c i r c u i t s i n t r o d u c e c o m p u t e r i n d e p e n d e n t v e l o c i t y l o o p * I n t h e c o m p u t e r memory t h e d y n a m i c m o d e l i s c o n s t r u c t e d a n d i m p r o v e d d u r i n g t h e e x e c u t i o n o f m o t i o n s . V a r i a t i o n s o f i n e r t i a moments a n d g r a v i t y l o a d a r e t a k e n i n t o a c c o u n t . P a r a m e t e r s p a c e i s d i s o r e t i z e d w i t h r e s p e c t t o a rm c o n f i g u r a t i o n a n d t h e p a r a m e t e r v a l u e s a r e p r e c i s e d d u r i n g a c t i o n . The w h o l e s y s t e m e n a b l e s t o g e n e r a t e c o o r d i n a t e d movement a l o n g t h e p r e s c r i b e d t r a j e c t o r y i n t h e w o r k i n g s p a c e . T h i s c o n t r o l l e v e l p e r f o r m s t r a n s f o r m a t i o n o f command p o s i t i o n a n d o r i e n t a t i o n o f j a w s s p e c i f i e d i n t h e r e f e r e n o e f r a m e t o c o r r e s p o n d i n g j o i n t v a r i a b l e s . A s i m p l e man m a c h i n e i n t e r f a c e h a s b e e n s e t f o r o p e r a t o r t o h e l p h i m t o g e n e r a t e b a s i c movemen ts i n s y m b o l i c l a n g u a g e . D i s l o c a t i o n o f o b j e c t s o n t h e w o r k i n g f l o o r c a n b e s p e c i f i e d b y means o f t h e v i s i o n s y s t e m o p e r a t i n g a t t h e same c o m p u t e r . A p i c t u r e s c a n n e d b y t h e v i d i c o n T V c a m e r a i s s a m p l e d a n d s t o r e d i n t h e c o m p u t e r memory . M a x i m a l r e s o l u t i o n o f d i g i t i z e d p i c t u r e a t t a i n s 130 x 180 p o i n t s , b u t o n l y 128 x 128 o r 6 4 x 6 4 p o i n t s a r e u s u a l l y p r o c e s s e d . L i g h t i n t e n s i t y i s d i v i d e d i n t o 1 6 l e v e l s ( 4 b i t w o r d ) . I n t h e phase o f r e a l t i m e p r o c e s s i n g a map o f t h e w o r k i n g s p a c e i s c o n s t r u c t e d o n t h e b a s e o f t h e s e d a t a . The map i s s t o r e d i n t e r m s o f c o o r d i n a t e s o f o b j e c t s . N a t u r a l l y , o n l y s i m p l e b o d i e s a r e c o n s i d e r e d . The w h o l e d e v e l o p m e n t i s d i r e c t e d t o t h e a c c o m p l i s h m e n t o f a s s e m b l y t a s k . F o r t h i s p u r p o s e a v i s i o n s y s t e m u s i n g two T V c a m e r a s i s i n p r e p a r a t i o n . The a b o v e m e n t i o n e d map w i l l s e r v e f o r a p p r o x i m a t e n a v i g a t i o n o f t h e a r m s j a w s a n d a s i m p l e p l a n g e n e r a t i o n . The p l a n p r e s c r i b e s o n l y t h e s e q u e n c e o f a c t i o n s a n d i s n o t c o n s i d e r e d a s a s u b s t a n t i o n a l a i m . E a c h a c t i o n w i l l c o n s i s t f r o m t w o p a r t i a l m o t i o n s :
منابع مشابه
Influence of mineral and organic fertilizers on yield and nitrogen efficiency of winter wheat
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term (16-years) nitrogenefficiency after the application of organic and mineral fertilizers at two sitesLukavec (S1) and Suchdol (S2) with different soil and climatic conditions in theCzech Republic (Central Europe) and to determine grain yield and nitrogen contentwith regard to the requirements of protein content for baking quality of wheat.After ...
متن کاملHistory of diagnostics in dermatovenerology on Medical Faculty in Prague.
The article deals with the history of diagnostics in dermatovenerology on Medical Faculty in Prague from 1875 to 1910. Medical Reports of General Hospital in Prague from those years were used as the source of data. Three dermatologic and venereal diagnoses from years 1875, 1881, 1885, 1890, 1895, 1899, 1906 and 1910 were used for a statistic comparison. The article also contains short descripti...
متن کاملThe Intensity of MLLT Area Changes and Development of the Selected Body Parts Muscling in Bulls and Heifers of Blonded’ Aquitaine Cattle and its Crossbreeds During Rearing Period
The objective of this work was to determine the effect of sex, breed and birth season of calves on intensity of MLLT (musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis) area changes and development of the selected body parts in bulls and heifers of Blonde d´Aquitaine (BA) cattle during rearing period. Two generations of bulls (n=63) and heifers (n=68) of Blonde d´Aquitaine (n=61) and crossbreds C×BA (C...
متن کاملAssessment of basic physical and dosimetric parameters of synthetic single-crystal diamond detector and its use in Leksell Gamma Knife and CyberKnife small radiosurgical fields
Background: To determine the basic physical and dosimetric properties of a new synthetic single-crystal diamond detector and its application for relative small field dosimetry. Materials and Methods: The pre-irradiation dose required to stabilize detector response, dose rate dependence, photon and electron energy dependence, temperature dependence and angular dependence of MicroDiamond detector...
متن کاملStructure and antitumour activity of fucoidan isolated from sporophyll of Korean brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida
Department of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic Department of Meat Technology and Preservation, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Re...
متن کاملA Note on the Prague School
e 80th anniversary of the Prague Linguistic Circle offers an occasion to think about how to document the Prague School related events, how to keep whatever related to the Prague School, and how to make the Prague School resources easily accessible. In the following I will first chronologically list some Prague School related events in the past ten years (1996–2006). en I will refer to several...
متن کامل